Human Resource Strategy Adjustment and Practice Effectiveness of Multinational Corporations in the Post - Pandemic Era: A Cross - Country Comparative Study

Abstract

This study explores the adjustment of human resource (HR) strategies and their practice effectiveness in multinational corporations (MNCs) across 12 countries with varying urbanization levels (high, medium - high, medium, low) from 2021 to 2024 (post - pandemic era). By integrating semi - structured interviews with HR executives (n = 180) and quantitative surveys of employees (n = 12,000), we analyze key HR strategy adjustments, including remote work policies, talent retention mechanisms, and skill development programs. Results show that MNCs in high - urbanization countries (e.g., USA, Japan) prioritize flexible work models and digital skill training, achieving a 28% increase in employee productivity and 22% reduction in turnover. In low - urbanization countries (e.g., Kenya), MNCs focus on basic welfare improvement and on - site skill development, leading to a 19% increase in employee satisfaction but only a 10% productivity gain. This research provides insights for MNCs to optimize HR strategies in diverse urban contexts.